The Business of Execution
From Osofsky et al’s (2005) social-psychological study of executions:
The support teams and the execution teams served markedly different functions. Some of the members of the support team provide emotional support for the families of the victim as they await the execution, relive the trauma of the homicide, and seek relief through a sense of closure. As one officer described it, “They are emotional, but are not jumping for joy. As a family, they hug. The nightmare is finally over—it is a relief.” Still others provide support for the families and relatives of the condemned inmate as they meet with the inmate for the last time. The families’ final parting is especially difficult for the support team. Other members of the support team include counselors who provide psychological support to the condemned inmates. Some members manage relations with the media and other public figures who have interest in particular executions. Spiritual advisors offer prayers of support immediately before the inmate is escorted to the death chamber. As one spiritual advisor explained, “I prayed with him at the end. I read John 3:16 to him, For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.’ He tried to hug me through the bars. Fifteen minutes later he was dead.”
The members of the execution team have the task of carrying out the execution. The strap-down team escorts the inmate to the death chamber. The strap-down is accomplished by highly fractionated, diffused responsibility. Each member straps a particular part of the body: left leg, right leg, left arm and torso, right arm and torso, head, all under close supervision of their leader. They approach their task with a strong sense of technical responsibility. “We each have a small role on the team. We carry out a job for the state. The press and victims are watching. We have a certain duty and do it as efficiently as we can.” The emergency medical technicians get the lethal drugs from the pharmacy, insert the intravenous lines for the syringes into the inmate’s veins, and attach the electrocardiogram electrodes to monitor the inmate’s heart rate. The executioner administers three different drugs: sodium pentothal to put the inmate to sleep to suppress death spasms, pancuronium bromide to stop respirations and potassium chloride to stop the heart beat. The individual who administers the lethal injection pushes the plungers one by one until each drug enters the blood stream. Death comes with striking speed. Analysis of variance revealed no significant differences among the three groups of participants on any of the sociodemographic characteristics we collected.
You can read the rest of the paper here:
http://baw2008.altervista.org/DOCUMENTS/articoli%20baw%202008/Zimbardo%202005.pdf
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